Wave interaction with a perforated wall breakwater with a submerged horizontal porous plate

This study examines the hydrodynamic performance of a new perforated-wall breakwater. The breakwater consists of a perforated front wall, a solid back wall and a submerged horizontal porous plate installed between them. The horizontal porous plate enhances the stability and wave-absorbing capacity of the structure. An analytical solution based on linear potential theory is developed for the interaction of water waves with the new proposed breakwater. According to the division of the structure, the whole fluid domain is divided into three sub-domains, and the velocity potential in each domain is obtained using the matched eigenfunction method. Then the reflection coefficient and the wave forces and moments on the perforated front wall and the submerged horizontal porous plate are calculated. The numerical results obtained for limiting cases are exactly the same as previous predictions for a perforated-wall breakwater with a submerged horizontal solid plate [Yip, T.L., Chwang, A.T., 2000. Perforated wall breakwater with internal horiontal plate. Journal of Engineering Mechanics ASCE 126 (5), 533–538] and a vertical wall with a submerged horizontal porous plate [Wu, J.H., Wan, Z.P., Fang, Y., 1998. Wave reflection by a vertical wall with a horizontal submerged porous plate. Ocean Engineering 25 (9), 767–779]. Numerical results show that with suitable geometric porosity of the front wall and horizontal plate, the reflection coefficient will be always rather small if the relative wave absorbing chamber width (distance between the front and back walls versus incident wavelength) exceeds a certain small value. In addition, the wave force and moment on the horizontal plate decrease significantly with the increase of the plate porosity.     

ICP-MS及其联用技术在海洋地质研究中的应用前景

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP—MS)具有灵敏度高、检出限低、选择性好、线性范围宽、能进行多元素和同位素比测定等优点,广泛应用于环境、地质、医药、食品和高纯物质等领域。ICP—MS与其他进样及分析技术的联用,大大地扩展了其应用范围。重点介绍了ICP—MS与激光烧蚀(LA)、高效液相色谱(HPLC)及气相色谱(GC)的联用技术,探讨了它们在海洋地质研究中的应用前景。     

2-D TIDAL FLOW BY OPERATOR-SPLITTING METHOD

In this paper, the method of operator splitte is applied to simulate the tidal flow in the Hang-zhou Bay. Different schemes of splitting have been devised and compared.Results of the study indicate that good simulation can be achieved. Besides being simpler in form, this method is flexible and allows much freedom in selecting the mode of splitting and the scheme of computation.     

Parabolic Wave Propagation Modelling in Orthogonal Coordinate Systems

This paper presents a numerical model study of the propagation of water waves using the parabolic approximation of the mild-slope equation in the orthogonal coordinate system. Two types of coordinate systems are studied: (a) a general form of orthogonal coordinate system and (b) the conformal system, a special form of orthogonal coordinate system. Two typical examples, namely, expanded breakwaters and a circular channel, are studied to validate the model. First, the examples are studied by use of the general orthogonal coordinates. Then the same examples are computed by use of the confonnal system. The computational results show that the confonnal coordinate system generally gives better predictions than the general orthogonal system. A numerical technique for generating the conformal grid is combined with the numerical model to improve the practicability of the model. The comparison between the result from the numerical grid system and that from the analytical grid system shows that reliable computational results can be obtained by use of the numerical confonnal grid system.     

基于二次散射的水污染遥感模型及其在珠江口水域的应用

根据水中悬浮物、污染物和水分子等的散射和吸收物理机制建模是实现水污染定量遥感的有效途径.基于一次散射的水污染遥感模型简单易行,但在浑浊度较大时其精度不高.在基于一次散射模型的基础上分析了多次散射的能量组成特点,提出再考虑二次散射可使模型的精度显著提高且不至于使模型过于复杂;导出了二次散射的补偿因子,同时给出了考虑二次散射因子的简单计算方法.将该模型应用于珠江口水域的水污染遥感的结果表明,较之基于一次散射的模型,考虑二次散射的水污染遥感模型在精度上有明显改进.遥感提取结果显示,珠江口水域重污染区主要分布在伶仃洋东北部,香港维多利亚港和深圳湾.     

双层局部开孔板沉箱对波浪反射的理论研究

提出了一种用于研究由双层开孔板和一个不透水后板的开孔结构对斜向波反射率的理论分析方法。整个流域被分成三个子域，在每个子域内应用特征函数展开法以得到该域内包含未知展开系数的势函数的表达式，在速度势的展开中，考虑了非传播模态波浪的影响。通过匹配开孔板处的边界条件可以求解待定的展开系数，继而求解双层开孔板防波堤结构对斜向波的反射率。数值计算结果与试验结果进行了比较，符合较好。并进一步讨论了几个重要因素对反射系数的影响。     

港口爆破施工的主要环境影响及评价方法

通过对常见的三种港口爆破施工方法——炸礁、爆破挤淤以及开山填海等的介绍,分析炸礁、爆破挤淤以及开山填海主要环境影响,并提出对三种施工方法环境影响的预测评价的方法。     

红海榄人工幼苗藤壶分布特征研究

调查了广西珍珠港人工红海榄幼苗叶片上藤壶分布的特征。结果显示,在一年生幼苗叶片上藤壶的空间分布格局总体上为聚集分布。分布型因海水盐度的变化而变化,在高潮盐度Sh<20.21的海水区域内,藤壶趋向于随机分布,反之则表现为聚集分布。大约在分点潮高潮位以下,平均每日潮水浸淹时间超过5.6h的潮滩上藤壶的危害明显加再,影响了红海榄幼苗的正常生长。     

烟曲霉产壳聚糖酶液体发酵条件研究

以烟曲霉(Aspergillus fumigatus)为出发菌,通过选择适合的培养条件,筛选出产壳聚糖酶的菌株。实验结果表明,烟曲霉是良好的产壳聚糖酶出发菌。烟曲霉液体发酵产壳聚糖酶最适培养基组成为:壳聚糖1%,KH2PO40.06%,尿素0.2%,(NH4)2SO40.1%,MgSO40.012%,20%土豆汁3%,NaCl 0.05%。在pH 5.0、温度28℃、摇床转速120 r/min培养条件下振荡培养3 d,烟曲霉产壳聚糖酶的能力最强,达25.1 U/mL。     

分子生物学技术在水产养殖动物病原快速检测中的应用

在动植物病原体的检测中,方法学历经了生物培养、显微镜观察、生化检测、免疫学到分子生物学几个阶段的变更,朝着更特异、更快速、更便捷、更安全、集成化、微量化、定量化、费用低廉化的方向发展。传统病原检测主要依据致病病原体在介质或细胞中的培养、分析病原体表型或血清型特征,或采用组织学检测病原体对宿主器官的影响[1]。这类方法耗时、特异性和灵敏度低,远远不能满足日常快速检测工作的需要。免疫学方法可以在一定程度上缩短检验时间,就灵敏度而言,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)要高于免疫荧光、反向免疫凝胶电泳和免疫扩散,是最常用的免疫学检测病原体方法[2]。